FAQ: The 48grams guide to facial care, part 3

Today marks the third (and for now, concluding) part of the FAQ series by 48grams. Twenty-one questions, twenty-two comprehensive answers. Over the past months, we've received many more questions and suggestions on various topics. However, only the most important and intriguing ones have made it into this concise encyclopedia of skincare. Today's topics include Rosacea, men's skincare, protection against travel grime, and hydration during sports. Enjoy reading!

Which skincare products are best suited for Rosacea?

For the treatment of Rosacea, products with gentle formulations that do not further irritate the skin are recommended. Since "Rose petal" (the direct translation) is chronic and the facial skin is constantly inflamed, all cleansers (as well as creams, serums, and masks) should be adapted accordingly. This means: they must be free of fragrances, alcohol, and above all, chemicals. For those who want to do everything right, opt for products containing green tea extracts or chamomile. Mastic oil and edelweiss are also known for their soothing effects and positive influence on tissue appearance. However, it is also essential to visit a dermatologist during Rosacea flare-ups. Only with their guidance can an effective therapy plan be developed.

How can I even out my complexion and reduce skin imperfections?

This is a very comprehensive question, as the realm of skincare concerns is vast. In summary, the following statements can be made: Gentle cleansing always comes first. The products used should be 100 percent natural, and most importantly, they should not burden the skin with aggressive ingredients. The same applies to subsequent exfoliation. Importantly, never "scrub" the facial skin; this may lead to potential injuries, with irritations being inevitable. Subsequently, products should be used that stand for soothing and replenishing effects:

• Niacinamide (Vitamin B3): This ingredient helps to calm the skin and reduce inflammation. It even regulates sebum production – which also leads to a reduction in skin imperfections.

• Retinol (Vitamin A): Retinol accelerates skin cell renewal and also stimulates collagen production. Overall, skin structure improves, acne is combated, and discolorations are reduced.

• Hyaluronic acid is an excellent moisturizer. Especially in the form of oligo, i.e., small-molecule hyaluronic acid, the substance penetrates deep into the skin and builds a reservoir there. Through prolonged release, skin texture improves, and fine lines and wrinkles are reduced.

• Antioxidants such as Vitamin C and E help neutralize free radicals. These radicals damage the skin significantly and lead to imperfections or inflammation. Even pigment spots are effectively combated through the use of antioxidants.

What skincare products are suitable for men?

Firstly, some basics: Men's facial skin is about 15 to 20 percent thicker, with a higher collagen content and significantly more active sebaceous glands than women's. This means the tissue stays fresh longer, shows wrinkles later, and is simply better protected against external influences. However, if moisture is not provided to the tissue, this advantage is at risk. Therefore, daily cream care (preferably morning and evening) must be included. Men should use hyaluronic acid-containing products, ideally enriched with rich aloe – this is never a mistake. Even better would be a Vitamin C serum, or even OPC. This grape seed extract provides the face with the best anti-aging effects. Finally, a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an appropriate SPF (ideally 50) should be used, and then the sun has fewer opportunities to cause damage.

What are the best methods for removing blackheads?

Even a small amount of effort ensures that the facial skin is free of blackheads. Here are the most effective tips for quick cleansing:

• Face masks have several advantages – provided they contain salicylic acid or activated charcoal. They gently address the imperfections, soften the excess sebum, and subsequently promote cell renewal.

• Peeling is always a small risk – at least if the facial skin is not absolutely healthy. However, for those who do not want to do without it, they must first opt for a skin repair cream (with an extra dose of moisture). However, the effect on blackheads can be significant. Especially products with salicylic acid ensure the sustainable removal of the skin flakes-sebum mixture.

• For those who feel committed to the saying "An Indian does not know pain", they should rely on blackhead patches. The so-called clear-up strips are light and easy to use. Apply briefly, remove quickly – and the effect is visible – both in the tissue and on the then black-dotted strip.

• The blackhead cleaner addresses blackheads mechanically. It sucks the blockages out of the pores. The only limitation: On smoother surfaces like the nose and forehead, the use of the device is more sensible than on the cheeks.

Are there DIY skincare recipes I can try at home?

Of course, there are a variety of DIY recipes in skincare. Popular options include facial masks made from natural ingredients such as honey, yogurt, oatmeal, avocado, or banana. These ingredients are rich in nutrients, soothing, hydrating, and nourishing the skin. Usually, they need to be processed into a paste and applied to the facial skin after a period of rest in the refrigerator. Even peels can be made with household items: sugar or ground coffee help to gently remove dead skin cells and refresh the skin. However, not all DIY recipes are suitable for every skin type. People with sensitive skin should be cautious and first perform a patch test – that is, apply a small amount to a less prominent area of the skin and observe if there are any irritations.

How can I adapt my skincare routine when I travel a lot?

Skincare "out-of-home" hardly differs from the routine in one's own four walls. However, for frequent travelers, multifunctional products – such as moisturizers with sunscreen or serums with deep action – should be packed. Of course, the climate in the destination country must also be considered: In dry zones, more intensive moisturizing care is mandatory, and a lighter formula is required in moister environments. Thorough cleansing is essential everywhere. Dirt always gets onto the skin during travels – be it due to environmental influences or sweat. Finally, drink plenty of water. This helps to hydrate the skin from the inside out and maintain a radiant complexion.

Lots of exercise: What effects does sweat have on my skin?

Sweat must be carefully – but gently – dabbed off after training. Otherwise, the skin pores may clog. The result is small inflammations or even acne pimples. Excessive sweating can also cause the skin to lose too much moisture. The skin barrier is weakened, leading to dryness, flaking, and irritation. Therefore, during training, it is essential to give back a lot: drink plenty of water. And afterward, provide moisture in the form of a cream: we recommend a light, non-comedogenic cream that rehydrates the tissue – without clogging the pores. Products with hyaluronic acid subsequently give the tissue a fresh appearance.